Full professor
Affiliation
Université de Montréal
Research Axes
Team
- Céline Borras
- Colin Cheng
- Rabah Dabouz
- Michel Desjarlais
- Isabelle Lahaie
- Meriem Mazouz
- Mohammad Ali Mohammad Nezhady
- Baraa Nouaihed
- Samy Omri
- José Carlos Rivera
- Pakiza Ruknudin
Dr. Sylvain Chemtob is a neonatologist who heads the Experimental Ocular Pharmacology Research Unit. A full professor in the departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology at Université de Montréal, Dr. Chemtob is the Canada Research Chair in Translational Research in Vision and the Leopoldine A. Wolfe Chair in clinical/translational research to prevent blindness caused by age-related macular degeneration at Université de Montréal.
Research Unit
Experimental Ocular Pharmacology
As neonatologists, we often deal with the effects of premature births. Although the survival rate of premature infants has increased over the past two decades, morbidity, and especially neurological morbidity, remains high. Our laboratory studies the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders (including leucomalacia and periventricular hemorrhage) and retinopathy of prematurity, which is the leading cause of childhood blindness. Given the importance of microcirculation in both the genesis of these pathologies (secondary to degeneration) and tissue revascularization, our unit investigates the underlying mechanisms of these processes. We focus on free radicals, pro-inflammatory factors as well as novel angiogenesis mediators.
Our work on vision problems associated with extreme prematurity has inspired us to explore potential avenues that are applicable to aging, the other extreme of life. Recently, we have tried to better understand the inflammatory mechanisms and lipid disorders responsible for dry age-related macular degeneration.
Publications
Voir toutes les publications-
Tahiri H, Omri S, Yang C, Duhamel F, Samarani S, Ahmad A, Vezina M, Bussières M, Vaucher E, Sapieha P, Hickson G, Hammamji K, Lapointe R, Rodier F, Tremblay S, Royal I, Cailhier JF, Chemtob S, Hardy P. Lymphocytic Microparticles Modulate Angiogenic Properties of Macrophages in Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization. Scientific Rep 6:37391, 2016.
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Auvynet C, Baudesson de Chanville C, Hermand P, Dorgham K, Piesse C, Pouchy C, Carlier L, Poupel L, Barthélémy S, Felouzis V, Lacombe C, Sagan S, Chemtob S, Quiniou C, Salomon B, Deterre P, Sennlaub F, Combadière C. ECL1i, d(LGTFLKC), a novel, small peptide that specifically inhibits CCL2-dependent migration. FASEB J. 30(6):2370-81, 2016.
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Nadeau-Vallée M, Quiniou C, Palacios J, Hou X, Madaan A, Sanchez M, Leimert K, Boudreault A, Erfani A, Duhamel F, Rivera JC, Lubell WD, Robertson S, Ni X, Olson D, Girard S, Chemtob S. Novel non-competitive Interleukin-1 receptor biased ligand prevents infection- and inflammation-induced preterm birth. J Immunology 195:3402-15, 2015.
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Joyal JS, Nim S, Zhu T, Sitaras N, Rivera JC, Shao Z, Sapieha P, Hamel D, Sanchez M, Zaniolo K, St-Louis M, Ouellette J, Montoya-Zavala M, Zabeida A, Picard E, Hardy P, Bhosle V, Varma DR, Gobeil F Jr., Beauséjour C, Boileau C, Klein W, Hollenberg M, Ribeiro-da-Silva A, Andelfinger G, Chemtob S. Subcellular localization of Coagulation Factor II Receptor Like-1 in neurons governs angiogenesis. Nature Medicine 20:1165-1173, 2014.
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Rivera JC, Sitaras N, Hamel D, Madaan A, Zhou T, Noueihed B, Blais M, Quiniou C, Joyal J-S, Lubell W, Chemtob S. Microglia and IL-1 in ischemic retinopathy elicit microvascular degeneration through neuronal Semaphorin 3A. Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol 33:1881-91, 2013.
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Joyal JS, Sitaras N, Binet F, Rivera JC, Stahl A, Zaniolo K, Shao Z, Polosa A, Zhu T, Hamel D, Djavari M, Kunik D, Honoré JC, Picard E, Zabeida A, Varma DR, Hickson G, Mancini J, Klagsbrun M, Costantino S, Beauséjour C, Lachapelle P, Smith LEH, Chemtob S, Sapieha P. Ischemic neurons prevent vascular regeneration of neural tissue by secreting Semaphorin 3A. Blood 2011, 117:6024-35.
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Houssier M, Raoul W, Lavalette S, Keller N, Guillonneau X, Baragatti B, Jonet L, Jeanny JC, Behar-Cohen F, Coceani F, Scherman D, Lachapelle P, Ong H, Chemtob S, Sennlaub F. CD36 deficiency leads to choroidal involution via COX2 down-regulation in rodents. PLOS Medicine 2008 e39 [1-8].
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Sapieha P, Sirinyan M, Hamel D, Zaniolo K, Cho JH, Joyal JS, Honoré JC, Kermorvant-Duchemin E, Varma D, Tremblay S, Leduc M, Rihakova L, Hardy P, Klein WH, Mu X, Mamer O, Di Polo A, Beauséjour C, Mitchell GA, Andelfinger G, Sennlaub F, Chemtob S. The succinate receptor GPR91 in neurons has a major role in retinal angiogenesis. Nat Med 2008 1067-1076.
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Combadière C, Feumi C, Raoul W, Keller N, Pezard A, Houssier M, Jonet L, Rodéro M, Debré P, Sirinyan M, Deterre P, Ferroukhi T, Cohen S-Y, Chauvaud D, Jeanny JC, Chemtob S, Behar-Cohen F, Sennlaub F. CX3CR1-dependent subretinal microglia cell accumulation is associated with cardinal features of age-related macular degeneration. J Clin Invest 2007 2920-2928.
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Kermorvant-Duchemin E, Sennlaub F, Sirinyan M, Brault S, Andelfinger G, Kooli A, Germain S, Ong H, D'Orléans-Juste P, Gobeil F, Zhu T, Boisvert C, Hardy P, Jain K, Falck JR, Balazy M, Chemtob S. Trans-arachidonic acids generated during nitrative stress induce a thrombospondin-1-dependent microvascular degeneration. Nat Med 2005 1339-1345.
Education
Postdoctoral fellowship in physiology
Iowa University
PhD in pharmacology
McGill University
Specialization in pediatrics and neonatology
McGill University
Doctor of Medicine
Université de Montréal
Awards
- 2011 Canada Research Chair, Tier 1
- 2009 Leopoldine Wolfe Chair in Clinical/Translational Research in the Prevention of Blindness
- 2001 Canada Research Chair, Tier 2
- 2006 Fellow (Canadian Academy of Health Sciences)
- 2002 Aventis Pasteur Research Award (top Canadian pediatric health researcher) (Canadian Paediatric Society)
- 2000 André-Dupont award for excellence in research (Club de recherches cliniques du Québec)
- 1999 Scientist of the Medical Research Council of Canada
- 1999 Senior Research Scholar (FRQS)
- 1999 Clement McCulloch Lecture Award (Eye Research Institute, Toronto)
- 1994 Junior 2 Research Scholar (FRQS)